Seyede Sahar Javid; Jalal Rahimian; Amirsaeid Moloodi; Alireza Khormaee
Abstract
The present study aims at examining the possible relation between metaphor and impoliteness in the context of interpersonal media gossip. To this end, we collected data related to 20 celebrities (10 actors and 10 actresses) regarding 60 linguistic situations that occurred from August 2018 to April 2020. ...
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The present study aims at examining the possible relation between metaphor and impoliteness in the context of interpersonal media gossip. To this end, we collected data related to 20 celebrities (10 actors and 10 actresses) regarding 60 linguistic situations that occurred from August 2018 to April 2020. Words under examination were 51449. According to the findings of the study, human conceptualization based on source domains such as shit/ animal waste matter, useless things, cartoon/ fictional characters, useless money, dirty substance, imaginary/ metaphysical beings, mushroom, bread, weekdays, fat, and disease/blight were accompanied by impoliteness. These findings justify the role of impoliteness in confirming the direct relation between metaphor and impoliteness to the extent that human is considered as one of the above domains. Interpersonal media gossip prepares the grounds for the use of 345 metaphors along with impoliteness which has its roots in special features of this type of gossip. Among all source domains, concepts such as shit/ animal waste matter are of the highest frequencies. Among impoliteness strategies related to naming, one must point to the negative impoliteness sub-strategy. Language users attempt to hurt the positive face of people from themselves by using positive impoliteness.
Alireza Khormaee; Elina Skrouchi
Abstract
One of the main themes of discourse analysis is information structure. The impact on the syntactic, phonological and morphological form of the sentence of information structure is observable. Regarding its impact on the morphological form, there exists an area of research called ‘discourse anaphora’. ...
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One of the main themes of discourse analysis is information structure. The impact on the syntactic, phonological and morphological form of the sentence of information structure is observable. Regarding its impact on the morphological form, there exists an area of research called ‘discourse anaphora’. The present study analyzed discourse anaphora in the novel ‘School’s Principal’ and the book ‘Language and Thought’ based on Gundel, Hedberg and Zacharski's (1993) Givenness Hierarchy. The model consists of six cognitive statuses. It is believed that the choice of the form of referring expressions depends on the cognitive status of the referent in the mind of hearer (reader). In the present study, twelve referring forms were chosen, and different cognitive statuses were identified and presented in a separate table for each form based on the collected examples. Finally, based on the numbers and statistics taken from the tables, the degree of compatibility of the predictions of the Givenness Hierarchy with Persian data was observed.
